#Inside a black hole how to#

These matrix models are blocks of numbers that represent objects in string theory, which is a framework in which particles in particle theory are represented by one-dimensional strings. And that's where the computers can help us.' 'Unfortunately it's still not easy to solve the particle theories. 'We hope that by understanding the properties of this particle theory through the numerical experiments, we understand something about gravity,' said Rinaldi, who is based in Tokyo and hosted by the Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory at the Cluster for Pioneering Research at RIKEN, Wako. Because holographic duality suggests that what happens mathematically in a system that represents particle theory will similarly affect a system that represents gravity, solving such a quantum matrix model could reveal information about gravity.įor the study, Rinaldi and his team used two matrix models simple enough to be solved using traditional methods, but which have all of the features of more complicated matrix models used to describe black holes through the holographic duality. These quantum matrix models are representations of particle theory.

#Inside a black hole how to#

In a study published in the journal PRX Quantum, Rinaldi and his co-authors examine how to probe holographic duality using quantum computing and deep learning to find the lowest energy state of mathematical problems called quantum matrix models. 'Connecting the two different theories is a longstanding issue in physics-something people have been trying to do since the last century.' And in the Standard Model of particle physics, there's no gravity, there's just particles,' said Enrico Rinaldi, a research scientist in the U-M Department of Physics. 'In Einstein's General Relativity theory, there are no particles-there's just space-time. Some scientists theorize our entire universe is a holographic projection of particles, and this could lead to a consistent quantum theory of gravity. Therefore, a black hole exists in a three-dimensional space, but we see it as projected through particles. The gravity of the black hole, which exists in three dimensions, connects mathematically to the particles dancing above it, in two dimensions. To envision this, think again of the black hole, which warps space-time because of its immense mass. So inside the shape of a black hole, for example, gravity exists in three dimensions while a particle theory exists in two dimensions, on its surface-a flat disk. This conjecture suggests that the theory of gravity and the theory of particles are mathematically equivalent: What happens mathematically in the theory of gravity happens in the theory of particles, and vice versa.īoth theories describe different dimensions, but the number of dimensions they describe differs by one.

Holographic duality is a mathematical conjecture that connects theories of particles and their interactions with the theory of gravity. The thing is, it could be-and a University of Michigan physicist is using quantum computing and machine learning to better understand the idea, called holographic duality.